NON VERBAL LEARNING DISORDERS
NLD varies from person to person, and is not defined as a separate condition in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Volume 5 (DSM-V) .However, commonly reported symptoms include the following:
- Trouble recognizing nonverbal cues (facial expressions, body language)
- Early speech and language acquisition (talks “like an adult” from a young age)
- Poor coordination; seen as “clumsy” or always “getting in the way”
- Poor fine motor skills (difficulty using scissors, tying shoes, etc.)
- Always asking questions, to the point of being repetitive or interrupting the regular flow of conversation
- Needs to verbally “label” information in order to understand it; difficulty comprehending unsaid or spatial information
- Visual-spatial difficulties (discrimination of differences of objects, visualization of images, determining one’s location of body in space)
- Extremely “literal;” struggles with sarcasm, innuendo, or other linguistic nuances
- “Naïve” or overly-trusting
- Difficulty coping with change
- Trouble following multi-step directions
- Difficulty making generalizations or seeing the “big picture”
- Overall challenges often masked by highly advanced verbal skills
Another telltale sign: Despite their verbal proficiency, those with NLD — particularly children — often exhibit poor reading comprehension.
“A child with NLD may miss the forest and the trees because of his intense focus on the leaves,” says Priscilla Scherer, R.N. “After reading a book about the Civil War, for instance, the child might be able to name and describe each battlefield — yet fail to recognize that the conflict was about slavery and federalism.”
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