1. How can we assess the delay in developmental milestones of a school-aged child? What happens if that child’s ‘developmental tasks’ and ‘areas of needs’ are not fulfilled? Prepare a seminar paper on this topic for the presentation in a parents’ meeting. ( referring to the whole portions in Unit 1 ) The Title can be: 'A seminar paper on assessing the delays in developmental milestones of school-aged children and fulfillment of their ‘developmental tasks’ and ‘areas of needs’
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Model of a Seminar Paper (NOT OFFICIAL)( referring to the whole portions in Unit 1 )
1.Topic
...........................
assessing the delays in developmental milestones of school-aged children and fulfillment of their ‘developmental tasks’ and ‘areas of needs’
2.The purpose (objectives )
...............................................
THIS PAPER TRIES TO FIND OUT ANSWERS TO THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
(1) Is the early assement of developmenta delays in children a must ?
(2).............
(3) ............
(4).......................................
3.Preface
..................................... a general statement of the extense of LD IN OUR CLASS ROOMS- THE CONNECTION BETWEEN LD and developmental delays............................
4.Introduction
Developmental Milestones
An introductory short note
.............shows that developmental milestones for every growth factor needs a thorough discussion ,individual evaluation and continuous and careful monitoring .
Developmental Milestones of a school-aged child.
We are discussing the school age children here as of age .6-8 YEARS................
5.A General Oulook
Playing and learning
..................imitatation( playing out ) begins ,exampes ........
Feelings
..pleasing the parents....doing things the ‘right way’ becomes very important to your child. .... might seem over-confident.... easily embarrassed and sensitive, has a lot of empathy, But at times very self-critical , need your help to focus ......
...... more aware of disaster news and distressing news stories. This growing awareness,anxiety and fear, so...
Thinking
better understanding of the relationship between cause and effect. . seem self-centred.
Memory improving , group objects according to size, shape and colour. /has a good understanding of numbers and can do simple maths problems like adding and subtracting.
Be prepared for a lot of questions/ might do small experiments to see how things work. For example, ....
..... gets distracted easily and forgets small requests and directions from you.
Talking and communicating
.......can follow more complex directions /use language to explore their thoughts and feelings./The average 8-year-old learns about 20 new words each day, .......
longer and more complex conversations, you should be able to understand all of their speech.
By 8, learning to voice opinions and tells stories with plenty of energy and emotion./can follow a simple recipe, write stories based on daily life, write an email or instant message, and read independently in bed at night.
Moving
At this age, children enjoy testing their physical limits and developing more complex moving skills, like running in a zig-zag pattern, jumping down steps, doing cartwheels and catching small balls.
Fine motor skills are well developed now, ....can now brush teeth and do other daily hygiene tasks without your help.
Daily life and behaviour
At this age, your child’s life is all about family, school, friends and after-school activities. Your child might enjoy collecting items like footy cards, shells or small figurines.
Your child’s morals and values are developing, and
more independent and want more say in what they can and can’t do. As part of this independence, they might enjoy doing more chores around the house – at least sometimes! But spending time with you is still important to them.
At this age, children might also:like to tell jokes and talk up their skills or behaviour –,write numbers and words more accurately, but they might still confuse some letters – for example, b/d and p/g,have better reading than spelling skills,begin to understand the value of money and enjoy counting and saving ,take more interest in their appearance and in clothing or hairstyle trends,be better at telling the difference between fantasy and reality,be interested in using technology and having screen time,understand that people often expect girls and boys to behave in certain ways because of their gender.
6.Specific Milestones
Language Development
By 23-26 months a child will be able to express ...........words per hour and will have a vocabilary of average ............words .A child of this age should use third person singulars (he ,she,it if the mother tongue is ENGLISH) and would have mastered ................. sentences with five to seven words.This is the age when children should at least begin to:
- Understand the concept of numbers.
- Know day from night and left from right.
- Be able to tell time.
- Be able to repeat three numbers backward.
GROWTH
Various measurements like weight,height ,head circumference ,mid upper arm circumference( MUAC) ,eruption of teeth are used to check growth.
Weight :
Average weight of children of 3-5 years is ..... . There is a simle formula to cal culate the average growth of children fron the ge of 4 .it is 6-8 years of age ,should weigh .........
Height :Average height of children of 6 years is ...... and that of a 9 year old is ........The Head circumference may be .........
Mid upper arm circumference ( MUAC) of a school age child must be ....and any thing less speaks of .......
Eruption of teeth :First molar upper teeth and lower teeth will appear at the ......
The combined height and weight chart :
The combined height and weight chart of WHO will help to ......... .A static or downward curve spells .................The child needs.......... . The child may be suffering from a disease like ................
7.Developmental tasks
Children from the age group 3-5 years assert themselves through play and other social interactions .They are........Erikson calls this stage as the " Initiative vs Guilt "stage.
Children at the age of 5-12 years will be learning to read and write , to do sums and to do things on their own.........This school age stage(5-12 years) is hence referred by Erikson as the ......................... of psychosocial development.
This will shift to the "identity vs role confusion" stage as the child grows into ........... The adolescents search for a sense of personal identity and explore personal values, beliefs and goals.The child becomes more independent, begin to look at future in terms of career, relationships, families, housing and so on . The ability to accept others even if there are ideological differences (fidelity) builds up within the the individual. The absence of an aim or ambition or recognition may result in identity crisis , isolation, stagnation and despair which might hinder the growth and development of the individual,according to Erickson
The school environment has to be designed in such way that .............
8. Areas of needs.
Recognising the areas of needs of children is an integral part of intervention.
The needs of children are broadly categorised into four areas by IICRD ( International Institute for Child Rights and Development.) such as physical( Eg -shelter and health care ,water, food , sanitation,clothing , protection from violence ,protection from environmental pollution,from exploitation and abuse ,opportunities for development of physical potentials ) ,................................... .The fulfillment of all these needs is essential for children's optimal health and development .All these needs are universal and requires adult support for fulfillment.These needs have been endorsed as the rights of children by ........he convention endorses the four principles namely, (1)non discrimination,(2)
.................
Importance of fulfilling the ‘developmental tasks’ and ‘areas of needs’ .
Understanding and fulfilling the areas of needs and the devolopmental tasks is pivotal .....................................
Maslow states that some needs .............................................The most basic need of ours is for physical survival and this will be the first thig that motivates the behaviour of a human being.The hierarchy of human needs goes like (1).Physical (2).Safety .............. ( 8 ) ...................
Maslows theory underlines the fact that before trying to satisfy the cognitive needs of a child ,...................... have to be met ,even in a school environment.For example ............ to focus on learing in a classroom .Moreover Students must feel.............
If areas of need are not fulfilled , students will lack in self esteem and conviction..............
Checking milestones can help to .............Timely intervention can help a child to grow into a creative individual with creative potentials .Researches have revealed the fact that the sooner the devlopmental services have begun,...................................... are a few examples of developmental services.
9.Methods of Assessment
Comparison using standardised charts will help us to find whether a child's growth is normal and whether there is any developmntal delay in language , social development, attention,play etc....The chart ........... is an example.
( image provided for reference )
This chart states that a child of 5 years (1) speaks simple sentences like "daddy go work",
..................If we find a delay in these activities ,certain interventions are possible and they are also listed in the chart. They include (1) speaking and singing often to the child ......( 6 ) guided play with lots of simulation and interaction with other children .
.................is another example of a chart used for developmnetal assessment .
( IMAGE PROVIDED)
As shown in the chart a child of 2 years will be able to........... A parent , teacher or a community worker can assess the delay in development in the early years of growth and suggest ..........
During the school age ( 5-6 years) assement can be done by tools like Denver Developmental Screening Test ,
................. is a free app which can be downloaded and used by parents like you to check any developmental delay in your child.websites like ......... provide free checklists and advice .These test may not be standardised or authentic . Developmental findings can only be confirmed by trained professionals like........... using ............
10.IDEAS IN BRIEF
11.SYNOPSIS
In short,Developmental assessment is the process of...........DEVELOPMENTAL DELAYS also express themselves in the form of learning disabilities ,........... . These issues have to be identified as early as possible so that ............ at the earliest.studies have shown that children who receive early intervention and treatment for developmental delays are more likely to............ less likely to commit criminal acts than those who do not receive early intervention.
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( NOTE : THIS IS HOW I HAVE DONE IT. THOSE WHO DEPEND ON THIS FORMAT IS at doing it at their own risk.-CKR)
